Sleeve-principle engine lubrication



A. A. WOODWARD SLEEVE PRINCIPLE ENGINE LUBRICATON oct. 9, 192s.

Filed D80. 16, 1926 3 Sheets-Sheet. 3

O ct. 9, 1928.v

' A. A. WOODWARD SLEEVE PRINCIPLE ENGINE LUBRICATION v Filed'nc-1s, 1926 whereby to,

res PATENT oFFICE.

ARTHR A..WOODiARD, OF ETROIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR TO SKINNER AUTOMO- rrvn DEVICE coi, INC., or nnrnor'r,

MICHIGAN, A CORPORATION OIF CALIFORNIA.

- "`SLEvE. miINcrrLE ENGINE nnnnrcarron.

| l l n n y l Applicatie niec neceinber 1e, me. serial 110.155.243.

This` .invention pertains to novel4 andl advantageousmeans internal-combistio ssociated with' or .formbrication system of an engine, especially one -of the movable or\r ciprocatory sleeve type,

withdraw or remove surplus. ubricating oil from the sliding piston and fromthe sleeve or sleevesduring their movements,` and, "if desired, to purify such abstracted furtherfuse.

f i the.'

oil and ret'urn it to the engine for simple meansfor intermittently withdrawing the surplus oil, .probably more or less con` tiamina-ted',`

the excess oil. frolnfthe sleeve or sleeves; prac;-

ston, and. removing a single port, throughf the cylinder-vvv tically continuously', and, preferably, tl'itliufh esirably belowf,.,or ingthe tion of, the engine For the attainmentyof -jects the system or structure \has be n dep vised which hasbeen illu the accompanying.

of this specification, eral views of which have been employ `parts of the structure. i

`onegof sucti n` acintake-port.

ese and ot er obdrawmgs formlng'a part` trated in-deltail in andithroughout t 1e -sevlikereference nulmerals ed to i Although this construction represents present desirable and p of the invention, tho

referred embofdiment se skilledqin this art will readily understand that it" may be incorporated in different structed along the principles involved physical forms all conlines `of thejlfundamental In these drawings-4;

F1g.'1` s a central, vertlcal, fragmentary,

cross-section throu gh one Joylinderixof a mulinvention is to provide crank-Shaft `piston- 17, the inner sleeve4 18, the youter ton-ring, being connected at 24 witlla chan- `ized 11, itsinlet and outlet portsk12and 13,'

respectively, the engine crank-case 14, the 15 the connecting-rod v 16,2 the sleeve 19, the intake-manifold 21, and the exhaust-manifold 22. y

The sleevesarereci rocate inthe usual A way by eccentrics, an the cyh der, sleeves 'and piston are lubricated in "an ap roved fashion, as by a splashsystem or y a orcedfeed structure.

The-piston is of the form an style set forth in United States Patent No. 1,502,922, and is fitted vwith a plurality of .pieton-rings 23 in corresponding grooves of the iston, the lowermost of suchgrooves, back o its pispiston alignnel-25 on the outer`s`urface of t e and disposed lengthwise thereof ment with a port `26 through the en ine cyldesignate tht` same ti-cylinder, 'internal-combustion engine' orl motor equipped with the new :structural and functional features; 1"- Fig. 2 is a `fragmentary 'sectionthidiigh the same engme-cy-linder at .right -an-gleslto that of Fig. A1;-

Fig. Fig. inner sleeve;

3 is a partial Aplan of the engine;

llis a fragmentary elevationofythe Fig. 5 is a similar view of the outer sleeve;

Fig. 6 surface o 1s a partial elevation of the inner f the engine-cylinder; and 0'. 7 is an enlarged, horizontal section on 1in@ 5 7 of Fig. 1.

Referring to the drawings, it will jackets engme-cylinderhas been characterlurality of views of these e noted that the water- L .through the piston-Wall,l whereby `l'io`llow,I interior of the piston,

inder-wall `below the fuel admis lon-port `l2. VDiametrically opposite such l ngitudiroove con'- nwardly. t e groove at this point` is in direct connectioxiwitli the hich, of course; is in open communication' with the insidefof the crank-case. Thus'air drawn into the -groov/e through such 'small admission-port will -ome from i/nside of the iston and from thecrankcase', Vtending to eep the latter at a slight vacuum to prevent the outward leakage of oil through the 'shaft-bearings.

The inner sleeve18, in alignment with. the piston-channel 25 and the cylinder-port 26, has a lengthwise channel 28 on its outer surface terminating at its lower' end in a port or hole 29 through the sleeve, which intermittently registers or connects'with the nal channel, such.` lower, piston-rin has a small bleeder-port or air-inlet 2 nectecl thereto and extended piston-channel, although the latter during location-of these ports being such that the cylinder} ort 26 will be closed by-the outer sleeve lduring'the period the piston uncovers -or opens port 29, and will be in communication with the lower piston-ring groove through the piston-channel 25, the inner sleeve-port 29, and the inner sleeve-channel 28, through the one or the other outer sleeveport 31 or 32, during a substantial portion of the travel of the piston.

The outer surface of the iiinei' sleeve has a plurality of horizontal oil-grooves 33 extended all the way around the sleeve and connecting` with a lengthwise channel 34 on the outer face of the sleeve, but aiigularly offset or out of alignment with the channel 28,011 the saine sleeve, and such inner sleeve has other, lower, horizontal oil-groovesr which extend almost, but not quite, all the way around the sleeve, their ends 36 and 37 being spaced apart on opposite-'sides of the channel 28, with which they do not, therefore, communicate.

A longer, longitudinal channel 3S is provided on the external surface of the outer sleeve, out of alignment with the ports 3l and 32, such channel having' a port 3f)` cxtended inwardly through the sleeve and in communication with thechannel 34 of the inner sleeve, channel 38, during the recipiocation-of the outer sleeve, being in constant or uninterrupted connection or overlapping relation with a horizont-al groove 41 cut in the inner surface of the engine-cylinder and joined to the cylinder-port 26.

'One or more horizontal, circumferential oil-grooves 42 on the external face of the outer sleeve extend completely around the latter 'and intersect the lengthwise channel 38, whereas other, similar, loweroil-groovcs 43 on the same surface of the saine ysleeve are shorter and do not Connectwith such channel nor with the'ports 31 and 32.

F rom the above description and the illustration, it will be, apparent that the two nested or telescoping, sliding sleeves have oil-grooves on their surfaces in constant or uninterrupted' communication with the eni, gine cylinder-port 2G,`in contrast to the interinittent connection of the piston-ring, oilcollecting` groove with the same port.

y A somewhat-fiattened, tubular manifold 44 extends along the outsides of the several engine-cylinders andis 4connected to all of their cylinder-ports 26, and such manifold, in turn, by means of a pipe 45, is joined to the interior of an oil rectifier or purifier 46 ol" known construction, such oil-reclaiming appliance having a Jacket 47 surrounding it,

so that its contents may be heated `by means i of the exhaust gases of the manifold 22 to which the jacket is operatively connected.

Such rectifier is joined by a pipe 48 to the intake-manifold of the engine, whereby the prevailing, sub-atmospheric pressure therein creates a suction in the rectifier, the piping specified and the various grooves and channels connected continuously or at intervals with the cylinder-port 26.

In addition, the oil purifier has an oildischaufgjc pipe v49 associated with an oilreeefreo pump 51 inside of the engine crank-case, and by means' of which the reclaimed or purified oil is returned under atmospheric pressure to the crank-case or other part of the lubrication systein of the engine, without intercylindrical surface of the inner sleeve and` causes it to be delivered into the piston-ring groove back oi the piston-ring, whereby the oilarrives in such groove after it has had ample opportunity to perform its lubricating function.

The suction always present in the rectifier and at each cylinder-port 26, is intermittently applied to such corresponding pistongroove through the ports 31 and 32, channel 28, port 29 and channel 25, and its contents, which consist of the above-specified oil and any fuel in liquid or gaseous form,.products et combustion, vapors, etc., tending to escape down past the pistoninto the crank-case and the oi1-supply therein, and aerating air entering the piston bleeder-port'27, are with- ,and returned as pure oil to the engine for further usethe oil, vapors and gasifiable constituents of the polluted oil being drawn into the engine in'take-inaiiifold andk cylinders, where they are burned, with resulting ope `ating economy.

The air entering` through the small admission-port of the piston-groove breaks the existing vacuinn, thus facilitating the with\ drawal of the contents of suchgroove, as well as preliminarily acrating them for more eflicient reclamation in the rectifiei'.

In this way, the excess oil is prevented from reaching the combustion' chamber, where it would be uselcssly burned with resultant harmful effects, andthey main oilsupply in the crank-case-is precluded from becoming contaminated or fouled.

l/V'hile all of this is taking place, the oil in the grooves of the two sleeves connected with their lengthwise channels 34 and 38 is withdrawn continuously through port 39, channel 4l and port 2G, and delivered in like manner into the rectifier, being mixed as it passes along conduits 44 and 45 with the oil from the pistons, it being understood that it is such mixture which is rened in the rectifier and returned to the engine.

In View of the fact that .the cyliiiderport 26 is longitudinally directly below the engine system operates substantially -as and sleeve intalel-ports, the constant removal of the excess oil from the sleevesy at this point assures that itV will not come underthe influence of the suction existing at such 6 ports and be drawn therethrough, with resultant wasteful. combustion, in the .cylinders and .the production of'an objectionable, smoky exhaust.` y d.

The invention, as defined b the-appended claims is susceptible of satis actory einbodiments in several commercial vforms, and is,

` therefore, not-limited to the particular one hereinabove set forthin detail.

i 1. In an internal-combustion engne, the

combination of an engine-cylinder: having inlet and exhaust ports, movable sleeve- I'means in said cylinder controlling said ports,

. la reciprocatory 'piston in said sleeve-means, fineans to lubricate said piston,l sleeve-means and cylinder, means to remove iuidsffrom around said piston intermittently, and means to remove uids ifrom around said sleevemeans continuously during the operation of. the engine.

2. In an internal-combustion elngine, the combination of an engine-cylinder" having inlet and exhaust ports, movable sleeve-` nieans'insaid cylinder controllin saidports,

3 a reciprocatory pistoninisaid s eene-means,

means to lubricate said .cylinder `sleeve-.-

means and piston, rn'eans to remoine; fluids from around .said @piston intermittently through a cylindeisport, and `n ieansto -re` gine throughfthe sa e port.

3. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of an engine-cylinder having 40, inlet and exhaust ports, movable sleeve- 4:. In an internahcombustion engine, the

`combination of an engine-cylinder having inlet and exhaust ports, movable sleevemeans in said cylinder controlling said ports,

means and piston', means to remove fluids Jfrom around said piston intermittently through a cylinder-port in substantiallongitudinal alignment with said cylinder inletport, and means to remove fluids from around said sleeve-means continuously during the operation of the engine through the same cylinder-port. l

5 5. In an internalfcombustion engine, the

.ing its operation, -fluids from between -said outer sleev -moveiuids from around said sleevemeans continuously during he operation of the en la reciprocatorypiston in said sleeve-means, means to .lubricate said cylinder, slee'v'e- `fromfarund, said piston intermittentl 4during its o eration, and means to wit idraw fluids from` etwee'n said sleeves continuously duringtlie operation of the engine.l

6. 1n' an, internal-combustion engine, the

combination of an engine-cylinder having in# let andl exhaust ports, movable inner and i outer sleeves in said cylinder. controlling said ports, a reciprocatory piston in said in:

ner sleeve, means to lubricate said cylinder,

sleeves and piston, `means t0 withdraw fluids from around said piston intermittentl kduring its operation, and meansto wit draw iluids from between saidouter, sleeve and said cylinder continuously during the operation of the enginet f 57. In an internal-combustion engine, the

combination of an engine-cylinder having inletl and exhaust erts," movable inner and outer sleeves in said cylinder controlling said ports, al reciprocatory sleeves and (iston, mdans lto withdrawt liuids from aroun saidl piston intermittenti ura'nd `means to witA raw and iston in said inner l sleeve, means` to lubricate said cylindery said cylinder. and from between said s eeves' cnntinuously during the operationof t e engine.. y 4 ,y 1 l 8. In an internal-combustion engine the `nlet, exhaust and oil ports, movablei ner g combination of an enginefcylinder hing v lpiston in said vinner sleeve, means'to l bricate said cylinder, sleeves and piston, mf ans to withdraw iiuids from around said pi toii intermittently during its operation thro li said cylinder oil-port, and means to Vvviidraw fluids continuously during theope ation Vof the engine through said cylinder "lport from between said outer sleeve and sa'd cylinder and from between said sleeves.

9.--In an internal-combustion engine, 'the combination of an enginecylinder having inlet and exhaust ports and an oil-port below` and in substantial longitudinal register with saidinlet-port, movable inner and outer sleeves in said cylinder controlling said inlet and exhaust ports, areciprocatory piston in said inner sleeve, means to lubricate said cylinder, sleevesand piston, means to with draw iuids from around said piston intermittently during its operation through said cylinder.oilport, and means to withdraw` fluids continuously 'during the operation of the en ine from between said outer sleeve and said cylinder and from..between said sleeves'through said cylinder oil-port.

10 ln an internal-combustion engine, the combinationl of an engine-cylinder having inlet and exhaust ports, transversely-channeled movable sleeve-means in said cylinder,

i a-transversely-channeled piston reciprocatory in said sleeve-means, means to lubricate said. cylinder, sleeve-means and piston, means to Withdraw the contents of said piston-channel intermittently duringthe operation. of the piston, and means to Withdraw the contents of said sleeve-means channel continuously during the operation of the engine. i

1l. In an internalscombustion engine, the combination of an enginccylinder having inletA andfexhaust ports, movable inner and' outer sleeves in said cylinder controlling said ports, one ot said sleeves having. an oil vgroove on its surface bearing on the other sleeve, means to lubricate said cylinder, 'sleeves and piston, means to Withdraw luids fromaroundsaid piston. intermittently during its operation, and means to Withdraw fluids from said sleeve-groove continuously during the operation of the engine.

12. An internal-combustion engine-cylinder having fueldnlet and exhaust ports, an

`oil-portl tl'icrethrough below and in substan- .tial longitudinal alignment with said inletassenso;

alignment with said cylinder-port and connected to said transverse groove, means to lubricate said cylinder, sleeves and piston, said inner sleeve having an external lungitudinal channel in alignment With said cylinder `oil-port and having a port through the sleeve adapted to connect the longitudinal channels of said sleeve and piston, said outer sleeve havingspaced ports in alignment With and adapted to come into register With said cylinder oil-port, said inner sleeve having an external transverse oil-groove connecting with the second external longitudinalchan nel singularly offset with respect to said cylinder oil-p.ort, said outer sleeve having an external transverse oil-groove connecting with an external longitudinal channel 1n alignment with and having a port connecting with said inner sleeve second channel, said cylinder on its inner Wall having` a transverse groove connecting with said cylinder oil-port and with said outer-sleeve longitudinal channel, an oil-rectifier, a .conduit connecting said rectifier to said cylinder oil-port, aconduit connectinfr said rect-ilier to the intakemanifold of the. engine, whereby to subject said rectifier and cylinder oil-port yto suction, and means to return the rectified lubricantlto the lubrication system of the engine, wherebythe contents of said piston-groove are Withdrawn intermittently in aerated condition and the contents of said sleeve-grooves are Withdrawnk continuously during the operation of the engine, both contents being rectified and returned to the engine for reuse, the air, vapors and gases in the rectilier passing to the engine intakemanifold for combustion in the engine.

l Inl Wit-ness whereof I have hereunto set my rant.

- ARTHUR A.. WOODWARD. 

